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Pressure and response

Is output decoupling from emissions?

Derived

By 2024 in World, with 1990 = 100, GDP per person (pressure) at 174.81 and CO2 per person (response) at 113.14.

As of
2025
Geography
World
Ingested
2026-09-07 05:31 UTC
Derived from observed series

Is output decoupling from emissions?, World

Derived
  • GDP per person (pressure)index (1990 = 100)
  • CO2 per person (response)index (1990 = 100)
8010012014016018019901995200020052010201520202025INDEX (1990 = 100)Paris Agreement adoptedParis Agreement adopted (2015). Source: UNFCCCWHO declares COVID-19 a pandemicWHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic (2020). Source: World Health Organization, 11 March 2020GDP per person (pressure)GDP per person (pressure), 1990: 100 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1991: 99.55 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1992: 99.96 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1993: 100.21 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1994: 102.06 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1995: 103.73 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1996: 105.86 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1997: 108.49 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1998: 109.92 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 1999: 112.27 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2000: 115.81 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2001: 116.58 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2002: 117.73 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2003: 119.8 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2004: 123.58 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2005: 126.97 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2006: 131 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2007: 135.09 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2008: 136.18 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2009: 132.69 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2010: 137.01 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2011: 139.83 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2012: 141.88 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2013: 144.19 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2014: 146.98 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2015: 149.79 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2016: 152.19 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2017: 155.66 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2018: 159.06 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2019: 161.62 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2020: 155.42 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2021: 164.13 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2022: 168.31 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2023: 171.53 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2024: 174.81 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2025: 178.28 index (1990 = 100)GDP per person (pressure), 2025: 178.28 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response)CO2 per person (response), 1990: 100 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1991: 98.91 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1992: 96.77 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1993: 95.67 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1994: 95.06 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1995: 96.19 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1996: 96.55 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1997: 96.8 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1998: 95.91 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 1999: 95.17 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2000: 96.65 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2001: 96.64 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2002: 96.78 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2003: 100.11 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2004: 103.24 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2005: 105.78 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2006: 107.94 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2007: 110.6 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2008: 109.95 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2009: 107.27 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2010: 112.6 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2011: 114.8 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2012: 115.08 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2013: 115.93 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2014: 115.15 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2015: 113.25 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2016: 112.09 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2017: 112.62 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2018: 114.13 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2019: 113.32 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2020: 107.85 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2021: 112.92 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2022: 112.52 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2023: 112.75 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2024: 113.14 index (1990 = 100)CO2 per person (response), 2024: 113.14 index (1990 = 100)178.28113.14
GDP per person (pressure): 36 points, 1990 to 2025; CO2 per person (response): 35 points, 1990 to 2024annotations are cited events
Data table (36 rows, 2 series)
Is output decoupling from emissions?. Pressure and response chart of GDP per person (pressure) (index (1990 = 100)), CO2 per person (response) (index (1990 = 100)), 1990 to 2025. By 2024 in World, with 1990 = 100, GDP per person (pressure) at 174.81 and CO2 per person (response) at 113.14. Data table below.
PeriodGDP per person (pressure) (index (1990 = 100))CO2 per person (response) (index (1990 = 100))Observation ids
2025178.2839no data38095, 38130
2024174.8094113.140238096, 38130, 15882, 15916
2023171.5257112.750138097, 38130, 15883, 15916
2022168.3099112.516238098, 38130, 15884, 15916
2021164.1299112.922738099, 38130, 15885, 15916
2020155.4236107.854838100, 38130, 15886, 15916
2019161.6212113.319138101, 38130, 15887, 15916
2018159.059114.132338102, 38130, 15888, 15916
2017155.6637112.620638103, 38130, 15889, 15916
2016152.1877112.085138104, 38130, 15890, 15916
2015149.7911113.2538105, 38130, 15891, 15916
2014146.9782115.152138106, 38130, 15892, 15916
2013144.1923115.926138107, 38130, 15893, 15916
2012141.879115.077538108, 38130, 15894, 15916
2011139.8346114.799138109, 38130, 15895, 15916
2010137.0083112.598738110, 38130, 15896, 15916
2009132.6874107.266338111, 38130, 15897, 15916
2008136.1751109.95438112, 38130, 15898, 15916
2007135.0868110.59838113, 38130, 15899, 15916
2006130.9964107.939338114, 38130, 15900, 15916
2005126.9724105.780638115, 38130, 15901, 15916
2004123.5804103.24538116, 38130, 15902, 15916
2003119.7955100.107238117, 38130, 15903, 15916
2002117.732296.777738118, 38130, 15904, 15916
2001116.582896.639138119, 38130, 15905, 15916
2000115.806596.649538120, 38130, 15906, 15916
1999112.269195.168738121, 38130, 15907, 15916
1998109.915495.9138122, 38130, 15908, 15916
1997108.489696.799938123, 38130, 15909, 15916
1996105.858496.552938124, 38130, 15910, 15916
1995103.727896.187538125, 38130, 15911, 15916
1994102.057195.060338126, 38130, 15912, 15916
1993100.212395.665938127, 38130, 15913, 15916
199299.958696.770138128, 38130, 15914, 15916
199199.548798.908638129, 38130, 15915, 15916
199010010038130, 15916
Regions and income groups are World Bank aggregates, not continents.
World Bank, World Development Indicators, series NY.GDP.PCAP.KD; World Bank, World Development Indicators, series EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5
How to read it

Series and transformations

Pressure is economic output per person; response is emissions per person. Both indexed to 1990 = 100. A widening gap means each unit of output carries less CO2.

Annotations

Numbers in the takeaway

  • 174.81 index (1990 = 100): GDP per person (pressure), 2024, observation 38096, 38130
  • 113.14 index (1990 = 100): CO2 per person (response), 2024, observation 15882, 15916

The sentence is composed by a fixed template from these stored values on every request. Nothing in it is estimated.

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Sources

Where the numbers come from

  • World Bank, World Development Indicators, NY.GDP.PCAP.KD
  • World Bank, World Development Indicators, EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5